Understanding Computer Networks
A computer network can mean more than a collection of two or more computers connected to each other electronically. Data in the form of text, audio or video, moves via wired or wireless media, allowing computer users on a computer network to exchange files / data, print on the same printer and use hardware / software connected to the network together. . A computer network can have two, tens, thousands or even millions of nodes. A network usually consists of 2 or more computers that are interconnected with one another, and share resources such as CDROMs, printers, exchange files, or allow them to communicate electronically with each other. The computer that is connected may be connected with cable media, telephone lines, radio waves, satellites, or infrared rays.
History of Computer Networks
The history of computer networks stems from the birth of the concept of computer networks in the 1940s in America which was initiated by a MODEL I computer development project in the Bell laboratory and a Harvard University research group led by Professor Howard Aiken. At first the project was only to use a computer device that was must be shared. To work on several processes without wasting a lot of free time, a batch processing is made, so that several programs can be run on a computer with queue rules.
Then in the 1950s when the type of computer began to develop until the creation of a super computer, a computer had to serve several available places (terminals), for that we discovered the concept of time-based process distribution known as TSS (Time Sharing System). So for the first time the form of a computer network was applied. In the TSS system, several terminals were connected in series to a computer or other device connected to a network (host) computer.
In the TSS process, a combination of computer technology and telecommunications technology began to appear, which initially developed independently. US Department of Defense, U.S. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) decided to conduct research aimed at connecting a number of computers to form an organic network in 1969. This research program is known as the ARPANET. In 1970, more than 10 computers were successfully connected to each other so that they can communicate with each other and form a network. And in 1970, after the workload increased and the price of large computer equipment started to feel very expensive, the concept of the distribution process (Distributed Processing) began to be used.
In this process, several host computers do a large job in parallel to serve several terminals connected in series on each host computer. In the distribution process, it is absolutely necessary to have a deep combination of computer and telecommunication technology, because in addition to the processes that must be distributed, all host computers are required to serve their terminals in one command from the central computer. Quoted from (wikipedia).
Computer Network Classification
For the classification of computer networks here, some of them are based on geography. Computer Networks are divided into 3, namely LAN (Local Area Network) where the network coverage is only one local. For example, the house uses Wifi from the ISP, now it can be said to be LAN. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) For this one is a set of LAN LANs that are one but still in one location. Examples are still within the scope of the office or region. WAN (Wide Area Network) is a Jarigana outside of its coverage area, City to State. This is usually called the Internet. Based on the function of computer networks, computer networks have several types including Client-Server and Pear to Pear. Client-server is a network that connects the client to the server, usually this is done in sharing an internet connection or file. Pear to Pear, if this is the same as Face to face, it means that the relationship between 2 different clients is private. Usually for playing games or sharing data.
Based on Jarigan Topology. Network topology is what explains the geometric relationships between the basic elements that make up the network, namely nodes, links, and stations. The network topology can be divided into 6 main categories as below. Following Computer Network Topology Bus topology, ring topology, Star topology, Mash topology, tree topology, Hiraki topology based on distribution of information / data sources. Centralized network This network consists of client and server computers where the client computer functions as an intermediary to access sources of information / data originating from one server computer. Distributed network Is a combination of several centralized networks so that there are several server computers that are connected to each other to form a system particular network. Based on the data transmission media, in this case the data transmission media, there are several cables and wireless. if the cable that is usually used is UTP, Fiber Optic and Coaxial it is for cable media if it is wireless such as wireless / wifi, Vsat etc.
Osi Layer
When ISO (International Standard Organization) standardizes protocols, a standard reference model is created that contains protocols working. The reference model was later called the Open System Interconnection (OSI). Based on the X.200 recommendation document, the OSI standard has 7 layers. Each of these layers has a different function definition.
For a deeper discussion of the OSI explanation layer, there will be a special post that discusses more about Javanetmedia only.
Wiring in Computer Networks
A computer network is a collection of two or more computers that are interconnected with one another. Productivity and efficiency are the advantages that we get from computer networks. As a computer interface allows the use of printers together, allowing copying of files between PCs. Now, this theory is specifically for knowing a network technician must understand which cables must be used. along with the color milk to create the Type above.
For a deeper discussion about cabling and an explanation there will be a special post that discusses more about only at Javanetmedia.
Subneting
Subnetting is the process of breaking down an IP network into smaller subnets called "subnets." Each subnet is a non-physical description (or ID) for the physical sub-network (typically the network switches from hosts containing one router in multiple networks).
Usually in subnetting calculations, everything is certain about the number of subnets, the number of hosts per subnet, the subnet block and the broadcast address. Usually the IP address writing is like 192.168.1.1, but sometimes it is written as 192.168.1.1/24, so there must be something from 192.168.1.1/24? The point is IP 192.168.1.1 with a subnet mask 255.255.255.0 (1111111.11111111.11111111.00000000) or 24 bit subnet mask filled with number 1. This concept is called CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) which was first introduced in 1992 by IEFT. Examples of Subnetting and Its Counters will be Discussed in Post Subneting.
Thus an explanation of the Understanding and Knowledge of Computer Networks from us, hopefully it is useful and adds insight from readers, waiting for our next post.
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